9 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... tubular acidosis ... (mimics loop diuretic ... #Causes #differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... renal tubule diuretic ... (11-ß HSD type ... #Alkalosis #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
or low blood pressure ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... acidosis (RTA)) ... Treatment - ... #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
, Heat stroke, Metabolic ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #Summary #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Aldosterone, RTA Type ... only if no clear cause ... ) • Low K diet ... (IV loop diuretic ... acetazolamide) - IV loop
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Differential Diagnosis ... Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Loop diuretics for ... #causes #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... - Rhabdomyolysis ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... - Rhabdomyolysis ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
source of energy, conversion ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... classification