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nephrology differential algorithm syndrome treatment causes renal potassium workup gitelman hematology hematuria neurology product reactions rhabdomyolysis urology acute aki barre
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... Before evaluating hypokalemia ... in evaluating hypokalemia ... @krithicism #Hypokalemia ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... effective arterial blood ... syndrome #hypokalemia ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... Workup #urology #blood
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
common culprits: Hypovolemia ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... Liddle's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... • 1ml blood/liter ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. ***Typical presentations: • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
algorithm for hypokalemia ... genetic testing *If hypokalemia ... continued in most cases ... reporting.137,138 #hypokalemia ... #algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Family history of hypokalemia ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... pressure Labs: • Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #management ... pathophysiology #Hypokalemia
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