10 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... multiple lesions Infectious ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... syndrome (CES) ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #syndrome #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
nervous system (CNS ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... electromyographic (EMG ... ) studies • MRI ... #Weakness #Differential ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... demyelinating or axonal • MRI ... - Spinal MRI may ... roots and cauda equina ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
response preceding infection ... Electrodiagnostic studies - EMG ... axonal form • MRI ... roots and cauda equina ... management #treatment #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... encephalitis, eastern equine ... #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, Infection ... Vascular narrowing on MRA ... Reversible course Differential ... Diagnosis: • Infection
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... in HIV - Differential ... pneumonia (PJP), MAI ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... involvement MAI
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... affects the skin, neurologic ... cognitive impairment, neurologic ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... chorioretinitis, CNS