10 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
• Depressive symptoms ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... reversible • HAND is also ... #AIDS #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Infection in HIV / AIDS ... - Differential ... Imaging: - MRI ... CNS #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #AIDS
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Infection/Sepsis/Shock ... Neurological symptoms ... edema visualized as ... Reversible course Differential
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Diagnosis and Workup ... pylori test (GI symptoms ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... changes), high MCV ... not required in all
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
is important, as ... early diagnosis ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
associated with rheumatologic ... chest pain, such as ... MI or aortic dissection ... #Pericarditis #Symptoms ... comparison #Table #Diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
fasciculations Common Symptoms ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... conditions listed in differential ... diagnosis column ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... CNS symptoms (headache ... Medium and large also ... Behcet disease) Differential ... #rheumatology #
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Rheumatologic ... yeast • At risk: AIDS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... : • Serology for ... fever • Septic shock
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... • Progressive symptoms ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... aneurysms can also ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology