61 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... Chloride • Cl- ... Kidney loss of Cl ... - Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis) • Cl
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Lidocaine HCl - sodium channel blocker. Local anesthetic and class 1B antiarrhythmic. Originally developed in 1943
Lidocaine HCl - ... #Pharmacology #Lidocaine ... Systemic #Review #Overview
Allopurinol and its active metabolite inhibit xanthine oxidase, the enzyme that converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and
and its active metabolite ... #pharmacology #overview ... #sideeffects #medications
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
NAGMA NA + K - Cl ... excreted with Cl ... POSITIVE when urinary ... NAGMA #diagnosis #differential ... #Urinary
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
and decreased metabolism ... Portosystemic shunts - Urinary ... ileal conduit - Medications ... , AML - Large ... Hyperammonemia #Differential
Antifungal Azoles - Antibiotics Class Overview

Mechanism:  inhibit ergosterol synthesis (important component of fungal cell membranes)
Antibiotics Class Overview ... membranes) - Main metabolism ... Fluconazole has adequate urinary ... Isavuconazole(PO or IV) #Pharmacology ... Antibiotics #Review #Overview