19 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pericardial • Effusion ... EffusionsPleural ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF
Pleural effusion is bilateral in 70% of cases of CHF.
When unilateral, it is slightly more often
Pleural effusion ... If pleural effusion ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #CHF #Pleural # ... #RadiologyAssistant
Pleural fluid
It takes about 200-300 ml of fluid before it comes visible on an CXR (figure).
About
about 200-300 ml ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR ... #Effusion #Hidden ... Volume #Diagram #RadiologyAssistant
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Diagnosis Framework ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... • Alveoli: - CHF ... Pneumonia • Pleura ... : - Effusion
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Blood • Pleura ... : - Effusion ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pulmonary/Chest ... effusion, Pneumonia ... effusion, Pulmonary ... decompensated CHF
On the left a patient with CHF. 
There is an increase in heart size compared to
redistribution of pulmonary ... edema and some pleural ... that helpful, but comparison ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
In these cases comparison ... during a period of CHF ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #CHF #Cephalization ... Redistribution #RadiologyAssistant
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Inflammation of pleural ... pain, pleural effusion ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... interstitial lung disease/pulmonary ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Assessment of Chest Tube Drains
Stepwise assessment of Chest Tube Function
TUBE POSITIONING
 • Look at the CXR:
• Look at the CXR ... since a prior CXR ... is within the pleura ... transducing the pleural ... ChestTube #Drains #Diagnosis