9 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
lesions • 80% with lung ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL ... Parenchyma: • Infection ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Edema - Differential ... Causes include: ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... edema (Traumatic brain ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
verrucous) • Lung ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
especially the CNS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... • Sinusitis • Brain ... change in the lungs ... arthritis, and endocarditis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
contrast enhancement Brain ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... or abruptly • CN ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... acidosis: - CNS ... or restrictive lung
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... , verrucous) - Lung ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology
Cryptococcal meningitis on T2 MRI
30 M from sub-Saharan Africa presents w/ progressive Headache x1 mo, +neck
low glucose) CNS ... of prior silent pulmonary ... Nausea & vomiting ... is typically 20 ml ... meningitis #T2 #MRI #Brain