790 results
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
typically a drug) -> Macrophage ... Cells activate macrophages ... Allergy #Immunology #pathophysiology
Leishmaniasis Life Cycle
1) Sandfly takes a blood meal (injects promastigote stage into the skin)
Human Stages:
2) Promastigotes
phagocytized by macrophages ... meal (ingests macrophages ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease Pathophsiology ... glucosylceramide in macrophages
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
neutrophils and macrophages ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology ... neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages ... Fever #Fever #Pathophysiology
Allergic Rhinitis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

1. Allergy Sensitization -> Antigen Exposure -> APC (macrophages, HLA class
Exposure -> APC (macrophages ... , eosinophils, macrophages ... Rhinitis #Rhinorrhea #pathophysiology
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
killer cells, macrophages ... which activate macrophages ... Classification #Pathophysiology
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: ... Neutrophils, Monocytes/Macrophages ... Rigors #Bacteremia #Pathophysiology
Type II Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: When antigens bind to the body's cell surfaces, forming
binding recruits macrophages ... Allergy #Immunology #pathophysiology
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... by the alveolar macrophages ... Replication within macrophages ... IFN-γ-activated macrophages ... aggregation of macrophages