12 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
) SAAG ≥ 1.1: ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... , Massive liver ... SAAG < 1.1: Biliary ... albumin #gradient #hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Diagnosis Algorithm Malignant ... • Fatty Liver ... • Budd-Chiari Syndrome ... Biliary Cirrhosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Liver disease ... - Cirrhosis ... HIV-associated peritonitis Malignant ... carcinomatosis - Primary ... #differential #hepatology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Diagnosis Chronic liver ... 80% Underlying malignancy ... Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome ... Failure, Pancreatic, Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
congenital - Primary ... biliary cirrhosis ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... disease (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #Differential #Hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
HTN: ascites (SAAG ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... pregnancy • Primary ... biliary cirrhosis ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
- Hepatic: • Cirrhosis ... disease • Acute liver ... biliary cholangitis ... Protein-rich: • Malignancy ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... /Liver failure ... - gallstone or malignancy ... #Primary #Biliary ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Albumin Gradient (SAAG ... >1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... - Acute fatty liver ... Tuberculosis - Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
vein: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Stricture, Malignancy ... stone, Malignancy ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology