41 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... Red blood cell casts ... Serum albumin - Low ... Red blood cell casts ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia with secondary ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High Al, Low ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Hungry bones syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Workup ... with previously stable ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Priapism 

Secondary Causes:
Medications- intracavernosal injections, anticoagulants, PDE5 inhibitors, alpha blockers, methylphenidate, cocaine
Any hyperviscosity syndrome (SCD, leukemia,
Priapism Secondary ... Causes: Medications ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... Priapism #Diagnosis #Management ... #Urology #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Acromegaly #Secondary ... #Screening #Workup ... #table
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Causes of Hypertension ... taken at home, work ... Causes (5%) - Onset ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... #HTN #Cardiology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... #Differential #Causes ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management ... #Workup
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Diagnosis and Management ... Hyperpigmentation is absent (low ... Causes of Secondary ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Management