16 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... • Nutritional: ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency ... #riskfactors #symptoms ... #nutrition
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
Scheme Paget's Disease ... • Vitamin D Deficiency ... • Phosphate Deficiency ... • Poor Nutrition ... Fractures #Pathologic #MSK
Joint Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Monoarthritis
 • Septic
 • Crystalline
     - Gout
• Psoriatic arthritis ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... should have other symptoms ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... Joint #Disorders #msk
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
or nerve root Symptoms ... of Joint Disease ... categories of joint disease ... necrosis, and Paget disease ... #Joint #Pain #MSK
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... due to chronic disease ... Hypo-Mg2+ • Vitamin deficiency ... overload) Other Symptoms ... • Vitamin D deficiency
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
epidemiology of this disease ... history of the disease ... BTK -> Impaired maturation ... antibodies) -> Complete deficiency ... immunity Signs/Symptoms
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
constitutional symptoms ... Rheumatologic Disease ... whippleii (Whipple's disease ... burgdorferi (Lyme disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #MSK
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
• Fracture • Arthritis ... Legg-Calve-Perthes disease ... Vit B12, B6, Cu deficiency ... - HIV - Lyme disease ... lower #extremity #msk
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency ... persons with poor nutrition ... musculoskeletal symptoms ... Psychiatric symptoms ... nonimmune hemolysis MSK
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... to IBD, celiac disease ... to manifest its symptoms ... , alcohol use, symptoms ... diagnosis #management #nutrition