58 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Meningeal signs ... thrombosis • Hemorrhage ... infection (e.g., meningitis ... arteritis • Acute
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential Diagnosis ... photophobia • Meningitis ... meningeal irritation signs ... Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage ... : - Acute angle-closure
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... cerebellar hemorrhage ... #signs #symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Primary and Secondary Headaches - Red Flags and Differential Diagnosis
Red Flags (SNOOP):
S - Systemic		
N - Neurologic
and Differential Diagnosis ... - Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ... Infection - Meningitis ... Hypoglycemia Anatomy - Acute ... #diagnosis #differential
Traditionally, we have been taught to examine for Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs when examining patients with
with suspected meningitis ... accentuation of the headache ... the patient’s headache ... #Diagnosis #Kernigs ... #PhysicalExam #Meningitis
Causes of Headache - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary: Tension, Migraine, Cluster
Extracranial: Medications, Sinusitis, TMJ disorder, Cervicogenic, Glaucoma,
Causes of Headache ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Dissection, Aneurysm, Hemorrhage ... Moyamoya Infectious: Meningitis ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Biphasic Illness of Leptospirosis
Some patients do not progress to severe disease. Others, rapidly develop severe disease
• Fever • Headache ... ): • Aseptic meningitis ... • Pulmonary hemorrhage ... Biphasic #Phases #Diagnosis ... #Illness #Signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Symptoms: • Headache ... features include - Headache ... : • Headache and ... Symptoms: • Acute ... meningeal signs
Diagnostic Testing for Meningitis
History:
 • Triad: Fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status
 • Sens: 44%
for Meningitis ... Non-specific Kernig Sign ... 95% Brudzinski Sign ... Shake head will headache ... BostonChiefs #Meningitis
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
eg, furnaces) Meningitis ... Previous chronic meningitis ... Subarachnoid hemorrhage ... #redflags #signs ... differential #emergency #diagnosis