4 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... , Interstitial Lung ... #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #hypoxemia #differential
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Diseases of the lung ... Alveolar-arterial ... oxygen gradient ... HPS-severity classification
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
first part of alveolar ... : Interstitial lung ... direction leads to hypoxemia ... AVMs, hepatopulmonary ... Respiratory #Failure #hypoxia
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... upright position • Hypoxemia ... Arterial blood gas (ABC ... Quantifies degree of hypoxemia ... 80mmHg or A-a gradient