6 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Diseases of the lung ... Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient ... HPS-severity classification ... Syndrome #HPS #hepatology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... upright position • Hypoxemia ... Arterial blood gas (ABC ... Quantifies degree of hypoxemia ... 80mmHg or A-a gradient
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... due to lung disease ... and/or hypoxia ... Interstitial lung ... multifactorial mechanisms Hematologic
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Related Acute Lung ... Injury (TRALI): Leading ... progressing to severe hypoxemia ... RBCs (stored at ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Related Acute Lung ... Injury (TRALI): Leading ... progressing to severe hypoxemia ... RBCs (stored at ... diagnosis #management #hematology