4 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome (HPS) ... Diseases of the lung ... Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient ... HPS-severity classification
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Distress Syndrome ... injury, leading ... to increased pulmonary ... consistent with pulmonary ... detected on CT or CXR
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... , Interstitial Lung
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
• A lack of acute ... ischemic changes CXR ... respiratory distress syndrome ... (ARDS) • Opioid ... lung injury (TRALI