8 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Diseases of the lung ... Alveolar-arterial ... oxygen gradient ... HPS-severity classification
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level (blue arrow).
The upper lobe is still attached to the
There is a lung ... with a cystic lung ... small airways leading ... to pulmonary cyst ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... absence of intrinsic lung ... passage • Arterial ... on radioactive lung ... 80mmHg or A-a gradient
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level.
The upper lobe is still attached to the chest wall
There is a lung ... with a cystic lung ... small airways leading ... to pulmonary cyst ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Physical stigmata of cor ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... CT) • Broncho-arterial ... Sputum cultures growing
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
data regarding pulmonary ... Assessing ROSC during CPR ... EMPHYSEMA - Arterial ... also be seen with pneumothorax ... the heart to the lung
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
Hepatopulmonary ... leads to impaired arterial ... = increased Aa gradient ... presence in the lower lung ... portal HTN • Aa gradient