6 results
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... • Drugs: Calcium ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Hypocalcemia #Workup ... #calcium
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Niacin, Vitamin D deficiency ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Binders, Vitamin D Deficiency ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... Vitamin D: Vit D Deficiency ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
-ß hydroxylase deficiency ... -a hydroxylase deficiency ... Severe potassium deficiency ... • Milk (calcium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic alkalosis ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine, calcium-creatinine ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
good history and exam ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium