25 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome Definition ... erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis ... , Systemic sclerosis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... tumors - Multiple Sclerosis ... → "setting sun sign ... " - Vascular disease ... diagnosis #pineal #neurology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... tumors • Multiple sclerosis ... "setting sun" sign ... • Vascular disease ... #neurology #diagnosis
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
neurodegenerative disease ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... objective evidence of neurologic ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Metabolic • Renal ... • Rheumatoid Arthritis ... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Neurologic • ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... Hematuria: • Urethritis ... #nephrology #renal
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Sjogren's, rheumatoid arthritis ... (Dense deposit disease ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
Rheumatoid Arthritis - Signs and Symptoms
 • Ocular: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Episcleritis, Scleritis, Scleromalacia perforans
 • Pulmonary:
Rheumatoid Arthritis ... - Signs and Symptoms ... Episcleritis, Scleritis ... Pericarditis • Renal ... Thrombocytosis, Felty's syndrome
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... pancreatitis), joints (arthritis ... impairment), heart disease ... vesicular rash, sclerosis ... #nephrology