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Acid Base Disorders - Formulas for appropriate metabolic and respiratory compensation

- Dr Amith Sreedharan - Consultant
Acid Base Disorders ... #Acidosis #Alkalosis ... #Compensation # ... Formula #Winters #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology #AcidBase
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Respiratory Acidosis
 • Respiratory Alkalosis
 • Metabolic Acidosis
 •
Acid-Base Disorders ... AcidosisMetabolic ... #Acid #Base #Disorders ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis #acidosis
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders ... - Differential ... < 35 mmHg) #AcidBase ... #Disorders #Differential ... #Causes #Compensation
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Diagnosis: Causes ... failure (uremia) K ... #Nephrology #ABG ... #Base #Gas #VBG
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Base Disorders ... /base, a VBG approximates ... Differential Diagnosis ... #Base #Disorders ... #Diagnosis #acidosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... consequence of fatty acid ... #ketones #differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #endocrinology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
Differential Diagnosis ... of Respiratory Acid-Base ... Disorders Alkalosis ... Recovery from metabolic ... diagnosis #causes