29 results
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
- Differential Diagnosis ... significant portal HTN Signs ... obstruction) • Lack of signs ... metastasis • ... #causes #hepatology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... /liter urine can ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... Malignancy • Trauma
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... dullness, puddle sign ... auscultatory percussion, abdominal ... incisional). 3) Signs ... of underlying disease
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... be a clue • Blood ... #signs #symptoms
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
clinical symptoms/signs ... Areas of diagnostic ... disease; AST, aspartate ... disease; T2DM, ... mellitus; USS, ultrasound
Post-Arrest Liver Laceration on POCUS
Liver laceration can occur secondarily to chest compressions. Delays in detecting post-arrest
Laceration on POCUS ... post-arrest intra-abdominal ... towards cardiac causes ... #Laceration #cpr ... #trauma #ultrasound
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
accumulation of blood ... cardiothoracic surgery, trauma ... indicated, start CPR ... • Diagnostic ... examination and vital signs
Diffuse consolidation
The most common cause of diffuse consolidation is pulmonary edema due to heart failure.
This is
Look for other signs ... redistribution of pulmonary blood ... chronic heart disease ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Summary table of common benign breast diseases and how to manage them. 
Fibroadenoma:
 • Most common
benign breast diseases ... breast e.g. biopsy, car ... bruising/erythema/sign ... of trauma Breast ... #differential #diagnosis