11 results
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... of carbohydrate metabolism ... state and fat metabolism ... #Pathophysiology ... #Endocrinology
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA)
SGLT2 Inhibitors
Increasing Indications
Significant Adverse Drug Effects
Definition of EuDKA
 • Metabolic acidosis with pH
Euglycemic Diabetic ... Definition of EuDKA • Metabolic ... level < 200 mg/dL Pathophysiology ... #Euglycemic #Diabetic ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... Disorders #ketones #differential ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology ... #diabetes
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
trauma, tumor, metabolism ... Differentiation (into memory ... in the blood -> Memory ... proliferate and differentiate ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential ... gravidarum - Diuretic ... confusion - WE + memory ... Manifestations #Differential ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
from hormonal and metabolic ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... Syndrome #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
Hypogonad (50%) • Metabolic ... malignancy Pathophysiology ... Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... classes, including a diuretic ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Workup #causes #Differential
Acquired Disorders of Reduced Bone Strength: Pathogenesis
 • Hyperparathyroidism
 • Vitamin D deficiency
 • Malabsorption syndromes
syndromes • Chronic metabolic ... • Smoking • Diabetes ... #BoneStrength #pathophysiology ... #differential #