64 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Recreational drugs, Poisons ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis

#Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
Anion Gap and Metabolic ... #Anions #Gap #Metabolic ... Acidosis #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Differential #Causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... salicylate toxicity causes ... #Anion #Gap #Metabolic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - Gap and Non-Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Elevated Anion Gap
Causes of Metabolic ... AnionGap #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Proximal Muscle Weakness That May Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy
 • Central or peripheral neurologic disease
Causes of Proximal ... or peripheral neurologic ... - Alcohol • Metabolic ... #differential #causes ... #neurology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
Systemic (toxic/metabolic ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... disorders • Toxic/metabolic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Burns • Trauma/Crush ... infusions) - Metabolic ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology