12 results
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... syndrome (blue diaper ... Syndrome - UTI caused ... Myoglobinuria, Porphyria, Rhabdomyolysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis ... glycosides • High ... acute iatrogenic ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
tubular cells - Acute ... - Up to 3 per high-power ... normal; >3 per high-power ... protein indicating acute ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... of Altered Urine ... hemoglobinuria (rhabdomyolysis ... Conditions: blue diaper ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Immobilization - Crush ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... #treatment #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
arbitrarily defined as urine ... red blood cells/high-power ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... lysis syndrome - Rhabdomyolysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... lysis syndrome - Rhabdomyolysis ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Maculopapular rash ... Symptoms: • Acute ... • Uveitis • Rash ... established by CSF or urine ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Acute Hemolytic ... flank pain, dark urine ... maculopapular rash ... Transfusion Related Acute ... High mortality.