15 results
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
access urethra (E. coli ... causing symptoms Signs ... (+) Nitrites, Leukocyte ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Incontinence - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Excessive urine ... Contraction - Signs
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
) - Stagnant urine ... from lower tract: As ... Klebsiella E — E. coli ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... Coli, but can also ... present • UA and Urine
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
• Blasts > 10% leukocytes ... Neutrophils • Immature/Myeloblasts ... + distinctive primary ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
) Elevation - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Placenta • Leukocytes ... - Drugs - Primary ... #hepatology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
15% of AIHA Primary ... younger pts) Differential ... Disorders Such As ... passage of red-brown urine ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... bile ducts Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... #workup #hepatology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
peripheral blood leukocytes ... on the left Myeloblast ... science/article/abs ... #WBC #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis Portal ... estrogen such as ... pregnancy • Primary ... #hepatology