10 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... / urinary sediment ... calcium Optional: urinary ... clinical context and signs
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... hematuria • Signs ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #urology #nephrology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... filling pushing urine ... Incontinence #Mixed #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
Hydronephrosis, Acute ... injury, Hematuria, Urinary ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Urology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... Symptoms: • Acute ... meningeal signs ... established by CSF or urine ... #diagnosis #neurology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Diagnosis Framework ... Primary headaches ... meningeal irritation signs ... headache: - Acute ... #Neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... (3) primary lateral ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... • Should be on differential ... Pathophysiology: ... • Primary AEF ... patients with acute
Colovesical Fistula on Cystoscopy
A 72-year-old woman presented to the urology clinic with a 2-week history of
presented to the urology ... passing gas in her urine ... been treated for acute ... the presence of leukocytes ... confirmed the diagnosis
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
presents with acute ... to 12 weeks for acute ... : • Increased leukocyte ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... : • Serology for