20 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... LiCl use The urine ... Urine chloride is
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
the peripheral blood ... Blast cells - Blood ... Neutrophils • Immature/Myeloblasts ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
for Respiratory Acidosis ... (Check Blood Gas ... Metabolic Alkalosis Urine ... Volume Contraction Urine ... Barter, or Gitelman Syndrome
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... losses: • High Blood ... • Low/Normal Blood ... - Metabolic acidosis
“Step by Step” – the new kid on the block – aims to risk stratify this
investigations and treatments ... >21 days - No leukocytes ... in urine - Procalcitonin ... Pediatrics #Peds #Febrile
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
• Shed in the urine ... Cardiopulmonary Syndrome ... (HCPS): Febrile ... • Autopsy PCR Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
(Goodpasture's syndrome ... diagnosis #kidney #blood ... #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... Weakness - Dark urine ... or compartment syndrome ... UA positive for blood ... hour with goal urine
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Blood Product Transfusions ... Product Types: • Leukocyte ... Mediated: - Febrile ... flank pain, dark urine ... proteins on plts, leukocytes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
removal from the blood ... excretion (e.g., urine ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome