13 results
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Multiple Myeloma ... 40 ml/min A - Anemia ... diseases, CML, ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
thromboembolic disease ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... (12%) • giant cell ... cells NEJM Review ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
• MM • WM • MGUS ... Lymphoma (HCV) • CLL ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Oncology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... for workup, including ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Malignancy: Metastatic cancer ... #hematology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... - infiltrates (anemia ... lymphoid organs When Cancer ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) - Summary Framework

Hematologic disorder characterized by the presence of either
cancer for which ... No evidence of anemia ... to the plasma cell ... #Significance #hematology ... #diagnosis #oncology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Leukemia - Summary Cancer ... cells can indicate disease ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... • Symptoms of anemia ... significance (MGUS ... ), CLL, Myeloma ... #hematology #diagnosis
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... three myeloid hematopoiesis ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Albumin > 4) Work-up ... changes (POEMS syndrome ... gastric tumors • Hematology ... anemia • Other ... differential #diagnosis #hematology