17 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... and iron release Diagnosis ... endpoint of all-cause ... mortality and CV ... #management #cardiology
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
Ataxic Breathing ... Blot's Breathing) Ataxic ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary ... Abnormalities #Abnormal #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam
Giant A waves caused by pulmonary HTN. There are two clearly discernible descents (X and Y)
Giant A waves caused ... by pulmonary HTN ... the underlying diagnosis ... PHTN #JVP #Neck #PhysicalExam ... Clinical #Video #Cardiology
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
- Differential Diagnosis ... atrial myxoma, pulmonary ... waves - Large cv ... #PhysicalExam # ... cardiology
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood from vena cava ... Kussmauls #Sign #physicalexam ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #differential #causes
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
In AVNRT, the atria ... are enough to diagnose ... the case as Typical ... Awaves #AVNRT #PhysicalExam ... #JVP #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Differential Diagnosis ... Treat underlying cause ... #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... b) CHF c) CVA ... one post op Cardiology ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Cardiomyopathy #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
Pulmonary Artery ... cardiac output causes ... • PULMONARY A ... Tolerance #testing #diagnosis ... comparison #challenges #management