29 results
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... Aphasia, word-finding ... Motor dysfunction: myoclonic ... #symptoms
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential ... Generalized: Absence, Myoclonic ... malformation, Aneurysm, Vasculitis ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
conjunction with symptoms ... Inflammatory causes ... ANCA-associated vasculitides ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
(bulbar symptoms ... - opsoclonus-myoclonus ... Rhombencephalitis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #causes
Rapid, increasing signs of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) is an important key feature of NMS. EPS, associated
Rapid, increasing signs ... extrapyramidal symptoms ... about 95% of NMS cases ... Laboratory findings ... NeurolepticMalignant #Comparison
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
general seizure caused ... and metabolic causes ... Classification #Diagnosis #Neurology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Comparison
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... tract, and often causes ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign ... discrepancies Findings
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #