87 results
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Legionnaires disease • Pulmonary ... Cardiac: • Myocyte ... myocarditis, rheumatic fever
CARDIAC MYOCYTE POTENTIALS

#Pathophysiology #Cardiology #Cardiac #Myocyte #Ventricular #ActionPotentials #Channels #Phases
CARDIAC MYOCYTE ... Cardiology #Cardiac #Myocyte
Cardiac Myocyte Contractile cycle
 - Ca2+ binds to TnC → TnI is inhibited → conformational change
Cardiac Myocyte ... Pathophysiology #Cardiology #Myocyte
Action potential in cardiomyocytes
The action potential in typical cardiomyocytes is composed of 5 phases (0-4), beginning
ActionPotential #Myocytes
Cardiomyopathies 

Manifestations of cardiomyopathy (CM) range from microscopic alterations in cardiac myocytes to fulminant Heart Failure
alterations in cardiac myocytes
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Fever - Pyrogen ... (neutrophils, monocytes ... production → Fever ... #Fever #Pathophysiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Pregnancy • Fever ... Heart Disease Pulmonary ... • Rheumatic Fever ... • Rheumatic Fever ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary
Fever in Returning Travelers from Tropical Regions - Frequent Differential Diagnoses
Medical History:
 • Skin exposure to
Fever in Returning ... Symptoms: • Fever ... liver, Dengue fever ... melioidosis, typhoid, pulmonary ... eosinophilia - Tropical pulmonary
Characteristics of Selected Pneumonias

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Gram-positive diplococci. 
Haemophilus influenzae. Pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacilli. 
Staphylococcus aureus. Plump
PMNs and monocytes ... #Presentation #Pulmonary
Differential Diagnosis - Noninfectious Causes of Fever

CRITICAL DIAGNOSES:
 - Acute myocardial infarction
 - Pulmonary embolism or
Noninfectious Causes of Fever ... infarction - Pulmonary ... Transfusion reaction - Pulmonary ... DIAGNOSES - Drug fever ... Postmyocardiotomy syndrome #Fever