33 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... tumors - Multiple Sclerosis ... " - Vascular disease ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... tumors • Multiple sclerosis ... "setting sun" sign ... • Vascular disease ... #neurology #diagnosis
Peripheral and Central Causes of Vertigo
Peripheral Causes (Common):
 - Labyrinth: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Méniére disease,
often classified as ... Uncommon): - Vascular ... migraines, Multiple sclerosis ... Central #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
is important, as ... disease • Multiple sclerosis ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Diagnosis Algorithm ... symptoms/signs, ... • Multiple sclerosis ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology ... #Differential #
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... such as internuclear ... Diagnosis - Based ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #neurology #treatment
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Motor Nerves: ALS ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... Mitochondrial myopathy, Muscular ... Weakness #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ... 4) progressive muscular ... Upper extremity, lower ... conditions listed in differential ... #neurology #diagnosis
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
- Compatible syndrome ... lung nodules, may also ... : • Multiple Sclerosis ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #radiology #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
constipation Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #neurology