27 results
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes - Atypical Parkinsonism
Main motor symptoms:
 • Tremors
 • Limb rigidity
 • Bradykinesia
Other symptoms
Parkinsonism Main motor symptoms ... Bradykinesia Other symptoms ... system atrophy (MSA ... #Parkinsonism #diagnosis ... #neurology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemic ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Congenital Anomaly / Disorder:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Congenital ... Arrhythmia • Neurologic ... Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ... ): • Autopsy negative
Joint Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Monoarthritis
 • Septic
 • Crystalline
     - Gout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Monoarthritis ... arthritis - (Reiter’s syndrome ... should have other symptoms ... Joint #Disorders #msk
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... (or too little relative ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology