22 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... - Type II DM pts ... insulin demand Relative ... #comparison #endocrinology
Kussmaul Breathing Pattern

Demonstration of Kussmaul breathing pattern seen here in Diabetic Ketoacidosis.  Initial pH was
pattern seen here in Diabetic ... Ketoacidosis. ... Initial pH was 6.95 ... Pattern #Pulmonary #Sign ... #PhysicalExam #Clinical
The Chvostek sign (/ˈkvɒstɪk/) is a clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia.It
The Chvostek sign ... sign of existing ... hypocalcemia, this sign ... #Chvostek #Signs ... #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
Arterial pH <7.3 ... have new-onset diabetes ... ketoacidosis (EDKA ... Common, early signs ... of ketoacidosis
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
Relative Afferent ... It is a clear sign ... in the afferent path ... regarding the cause ... Defect #Neurology #Clinical
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Signs / Symptoms ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Bilateral B-Lines in case of Pneumonia on Lung POCUS

Young healthy pt with fever/dyspnea. POCUS lung exam
Bilateral B-Lines in case ... Young healthy pt ... No PMH, immunosuppression ... partially seen shred sign ... #clinical #ultrasound
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
patients with a negative ... hypertension and signs ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic