9 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... - Type II DM pts ... #hhs #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... an absolute or relative ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis ... #DKA #Diabetes ... #Endocrinology
DKA vs HHS
 - Think of DKA and HHS on a spectrum of hyperglycemic emergencies
 -
DKA vs HHS - Think ... of DKA and HHS ... laboratory #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #comparison #diabetic ... #ketoacidosis #
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
Arterial pH <7.3 ... ketoacidosis (EDKA ... Common, early signs ... of ketoacidosis ... closes and acidosis has
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm for DKA/HHS

Diagnostic criteria for DKA:
 • pH < 7.3
 • Anion gap
Algorithm for DKA ... : • pH < 7.3 ... Algorithm #management #endocrinology ... #Diabetes #DM2 ... #Ketoacidosis
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... patients with diabetes ... Key signs/symptoms ... of HHS/DKA: Both ... #HHS #Ddxof
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
• Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... • DKA/HHS Overlap ... & HHS and treated ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... ensure patient has ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Gangrenous cholecystitis with sloughed, intraluminal membranes on POCUS
Worsening RUQ pain/fever. Ill-appearing, low BP. WBC 22.4K. POCUS
POCUS GB done. ... Pt had stone stuck ... mucosal layer has ... US Murphy's sign ... is negative generally