17 results
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
conditions all of which cause ... that has a normal anion ... different types/causes ... Diagnosis #IM #Nephro
Hypoalbuminemia and hypophosphatemia can mask an anion gap (particularly, low albumin states usually underestimate the anion
underestimate the anion ... estimate the normal anion ... the calculated anion ... gap #Diagnosis #Nephro ... Differential #Curbsiders #Causes
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... organic acids and bases ... Henle's loop (TAL) - Active ... tubule (DCT) - Active ... vasopressin control #Nephron
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... and chronic) Causes ... Generalized distal nephron ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Gallbladder Wall Thickening - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiologic: Contracted gall bladder in a non-fasting
Causes of Gallbladder ... Abhilash Koratala MD @NephroP ... Differential #Diagnosis #radiology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... cell/white cell casts ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephron loss, causing ... #Algorithm #differential
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
B-blockers with caution ... Treat underlying cause ... Treat underlying cause ... Treatment #management #cardiology ... #algorithm
Multiple Myxomas on POCUS Echocardiogram

Apical 4-chamber view demonstrating multiple myxomas in a case of Carney complex
multiple myxomas in a case ... But this case is ... rare with masses ... Abhilash Koratala MD @NephroP ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
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