12 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... acid and most diuretics ... vasopressin control #Nephron ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... #Differential #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... Generalized distal nephron ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Ileostomy - NGT suction ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... transport, renal function
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... the indicated causes ... #nephrology #differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... ) RAAS Active (or ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm