25 results
Pathophysiology of hypotonic hyponatremia

by Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD

#hypotonic #hyponatremia #nephrology #algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #algorithm #Pathophysiology
Causes of Primary Epileptic Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Focal - Non-Dyscognitive - Features of
 • Aura
Causes of Primary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Neurology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Eclampsia, Prophyria #Seizures ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... / Provoked Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
The rationale for aggressive treatment of generalized status epilepticus was described previously here.  In short,
rely upon rapid seizure ... epilepticus which may cause ... epilepticus may cause ... #Management #Neurology ... #Algorithm #PulmCrit
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... , confusion, seizures ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology