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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... According to Volume Status ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Normovolemic hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Hyponatremia is ... of hyponatremia ... of symptomatic (seizures ... @EmmGeezee #Hyponatremia
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... , confusion, seizures ... Assessment of volume status ... EM #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... According to Volume Status ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Normovolemic hypernatremia ... Renal hypovolemic hypernatremia
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Ingestion Renal Hypernatremia ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
Generalized Seizures ... Generalized seizures ... caused by a toxic ... and metabolic causes ... hyperglycemia, hyponatremia
MOVE STUPID - Mnemonic for Altered Mental Status (Delirium)
 - Metabolic (hypercalcemia, hyponatremia)
 - Oxygen (hypoxia)
Altered Mental Status ... hypercalcemia, hyponatremia ... hypoglycemia) - Seizures
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Hypernatremia ... hypernatremia can ... correction of chronic hypernatremia ... @EmmGeezee #Hypernatremia
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment ... Reset Osmostat - Treatment ... improved volume status ... DrEricStrong #Hyponatremia ... #Treatment #Algorithm