12 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Acid → SIADH - High ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
urine osm (in DI; high ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... can also be complex ... ([Na] / 140) - 1)
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... injuries 2. ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
- Remove all ... usually appear in 1- ... • Management: 1. ... Diagnosis: requires a high ... vs Neurogenic Shock
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... safe to stop 2. ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... horizontal movements; also ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... Increased K Intake: 1. ... Medications 2. ... • Vegetables: spinach ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... Increased K Intake: 1. ... Medications 2. ... • Vegetables: spinach ... #nephrology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
2 cases/100,000 ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... of intrathecal spinal ... management #treatment #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
involves: (1) ... the limbs; (2) ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology