91 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Algorithm ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Workup Step 1 ... Step 2. ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Type 4 RTA • Hypokalemic ... Type 1 RTA • RTA ... Proximal Type 2 ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... discrete buckets: 1. ... (low intake) 2. ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... kaliuresis step 1 ... hypovolemic step 2 ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
output is a clue). 1) ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... ([Na] / 140) - 1)
Motor and Reflex Grading (0-5)

Motor Strength Grading

5	Normal

4	Reduced, moves against resistance

3	Moves against gravity

2	Moves only with elimination of
against gravity 2 ... elimination of gravity 1 ... 3 Increased 2 ... Normal 1 Decreased ... Grades #Diagnosis #Neurology