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diagnosis nephrology hyponatremia management differential treatment algorithm physicalexam workup arteritis cerebral clinical comatose evaluation gca giantcell heat heatstroke hoffmanns hypotonic
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... #hyponatremia # ... comparison
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... remember than the normal ... +K / serum Na >1 ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated Step 2:
Algorithm Step 1: ... elevated Step 2: ... Gravity Step 3: ... tests Step 5: If SIADH ... considered likely, the cause
SIADH Treatment Options 1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Options 1. ... Treat underlying cause ... hospitalization) 3. ... promoting passive sodium ... #Management #hyponatremia
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... restriction: • Restrict 1 ... promoting passive sodium ... the colon 0.9% Normal ... #Management #hyponatremia
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... the underlying cause ... #sodium
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
this signal: 1) ... middle finger. 2) ... the hand. 3) Now ... Hoffmanns #Sign #Reflex ... #Positive #Abnormal
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 The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient Definition: • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Comatose Patient 1. ... safe to stop 2. ... stimulation 3. ... Sternal rub 3. ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
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