26 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... tubules 3) Naturiesis ... #hyponatremia #
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Algorithm Step 1: ... elevated Step 2: ... Gravity Step 3: ... tests Step 5: If SIADH ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
to work through ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #Differential # ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... +K / serum Na >1 ... , Renal Sodium loss ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... discontinued) 3. ... secreting tumor 3. ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology