10 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... salt intake: • Hypertonic ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... +K / serum Na >1 ... , Renal Sodium loss ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
, Recent TURP Hypotonic ... • Euvolemia: SIADH ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... restriction: • Restrict 1 ... promoting passive sodium ... #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... the underlying cause ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Options 1. ... Treat underlying cause ... purposes, restrict to 1 ... promoting passive sodium ... #Management #hyponatremia
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
of breath • Neurologic ... • Early death Neutropenic ... possible coma SIADH ... : • Hyponatremia ... differential #diagnosis #cancer
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer
UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... concentrated for hypotonic ... inappropriate • SIAD ... chemotherapy, nausea ... adrenalitis; PD-1
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Comatose Patient 1. ... asymmetry and hypotonia ... painful stimuli: 1. ... Casey Albin MD @ ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... Involves large and medium ... identifies 85 to 95% of cases ... Start steroids if concern ... #GiantCell #arteritis