12 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... - Small vessel vasculitis ... obstruction) • Neurogenic ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • Behçet Syndrome ... • Cogan Syndrome ... ) - 2 relevant ... #rheumatology #classification
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... management #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
- Budd-Chiari syndrome ... fibrosis - Acute ... Myxedema (SAAG 2 ... Mediterranean fever - Vasculitis ... Ascites #Causes #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
tissue perfusion 2. ... infection • Neurogenic ... insufficiency, acute ... due to loss of sodium ... #Types #diagnosis
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Impairment: • Acute ... leukodystrophies 2. ... dystrophies Work ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
tissue perfusion 2. ... to infection • Neurogenic ... insufficiency, acute ... due to loss of Sodium ... #types #diagnosis