9 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... liver failure • nephrotic ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Diagnostic Evaluation ... Step 2: Check Uosm ... determine the type ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Types - Classification ... tissue perfusion 2. ... to infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of Sodium ... #types #diagnosis
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Classification ... tissue perfusion 2. ... infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of sodium ... #Types #diagnosis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
for ANCA-related vasculitis ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... 2 and 3), and certain ... glomerular #testing #workup ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
for ANCA-related vasculitis ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... glomerular #disease #workup ... #diagnosis #initial ... #nephritis
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
• Cytopenia: 2% ... ) • Cutaneous vasculitis ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Lymphoma, Cytopenia: 2% ... Systemic Vasculitis
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS)

MGRS
• MGRS refers to kidney disease caused by nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulins
disease caused by nephrotoxic ... Workup: • Kidney ... guide subtype classification ... formation causing vasculitis ... Types of MGRS-Associated