11 results
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Diagnostic Evaluation ... young or very old ... determine the type ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Types - Classification ... - Most common type ... to infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of Sodium ... #diagnosis #management
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
• Most common type ... infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of sodium ... Classification #Types ... #diagnosis #management
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Cardiogenic & Septic Shock ... Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Exercise, Fever, Hypothermia ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... toxic alcohols, Sodium
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
Diagnosis: ... loss of spinal cord ... level of spinal cord ... vs Neurogenic Shock ... #Emergencies #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Hypovolemic shock ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Admitting in the ICU - Checklist
VITALS: If bad, stop and go see the patient immediately; you
list here, ie hyponatremia ... failure, esp in work-up ... /management of shock ... - Could anything ... Pearls #Checklist #diagnosis
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
and Management ... brain and spinal cord ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... #Management #treatment