17 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... tubular necrosis (causes ... obstruction) • Neurogenic
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... congenital disorders Nephrogenic ... sensitivity in kidneys ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... ketoacidosis • Severe kidney ... Post-Ictal/Grand mal seizure ... Inflammation • Central neurogenic ... • Sepsis • Psychiatric
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric ... Seizures - Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... among the possible causes ... asymptomatic to seizures ... in blood urea causes ... collecting duct in the kidneys
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... -> Withdrawal seizure ... Systemic effect -> Nausea ... vomiting, diarrhea, hyponatremia ... Pathophysiology #Psychiatry