9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
Cerebral Palsy, Neurogenic ... Bladder, Seizure ... Enuresis: • Pediatric ... (Hinman Syndrome ... #Causes #Peds #Pediatrics
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric ... Seizures - Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Cataplexy #Seizures ... #Causes #Peds #Pediatrics
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... renal tubular acidosis ... exchanger,H+-ATPase Nephrogenic ... -2 deficiency Nephrogenic
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Causes of Provoked Pediatric ... Seizures - Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... #Causes #Peds #Pediatrics
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Hypothermia & Shivering, Seizures ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... in Short Bowel Syndrome
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... and Treatment Hyponatremia ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... - Metabolic acidosis ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures