13 results
diagnosis differential nephrology management algorithm alkalosis chloride criticalcare lactate pathophysiology pharmacology urinary agitation bulimianervosa classification comparison complications delirium diuresis diuretics
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework Definitions • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults •
: • Metabolic ... acidosis • DKA ... exposures • Lactic ... Post-Ictal/Grand mal seizure ... Inflammation • Central neurogenic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... ketoacidosis, D-lactic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2) • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... Ischemia, Compartment Syndrome ... Hypothermia & Shivering, Seizures ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... Inborn Errors of Metabolism
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
lactate NOT lactic ... development of metabolic ... shift • Saline Causes ... decreased renal blood flow ... • Saline May Cause
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
impairment of cellular metabolism ... sweat) - its metabolism ... Heavy exercise - Seizures ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... • Labs: - Metabolic ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures
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