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diagnosis differential nephrology classification management algorithm alkalosis chloride edema elevation emergencies gitelman heat heatstroke hemeonc high hyperkalemia hypokalemia icucard illness
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... /Potassium - Extreme ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... and potassium acid
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Monitor potassium ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
liver or renal injury ... circulation If drugs, seizures ... Heavy exercise - Seizures ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework NCPE Pathophysiology: Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acidosis B. ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies Neutropenic fever: - Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
Emergencies Neutropenic ... acid, high LDH, low ... high d-dimer, low ... Treat underlying cause ... consciousness, seizures
#ICUCard RENAL GFR 90-131 mL/min ((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr) Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft) CI Cr 90-131 mL/min (CrU * volume)/CrS Creatinine Clearance FENa 0.0-1.0 % ((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100 Fractional Excretion of Na+ Na req mEq (125-Na)*0.6*Wt Required Sodium FE Urea
0.6*Wt Required Sodium ... Trans Tubular Potassium ... 9 Respiratory Acidosis ... or spinal cord injury ... Distress Syndrome
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